Master of Arts is a term used by many universities in the world today to describe a master’s degree. It is contracted from the Latin name Magister in Artibus or Artium Magister. A comparison is often made between the Master of Science degree and the kind of degree normally offered for comparison. Nonetheless, different colleges follow different customs and could also provide degrees in subjects that are normally associated with mathematics and the natural sciences.
Students accepted in the program have generally pursued intermediate-level subjects in areas of the humanities and social sciences like history, literature, language, linguistics, public administration, political science, communications, law, or diplomacy. A degree may be awarded at the end of course work and or examination, research project or both.
Appearing from the University of Paris’s Licentia docendi as a teaching license to produce “masters” as graduate teachers in their subject areas, is where the Master of Arts degree began.
Europe:
Czech Republic and Slovakia
Slovakia and the Czech Republic adhere to the Bologna Process, much like every other EU member state. Two kinds of cases are the master’s degree programmes associated with the membership in the Czech Republic and Slovakia; both the abbreviations Mgr or Ing are used in front of the degree.
A master’s degree could only be earned after five years of continuous study prior to modifications made in order to comply with the Bologna process. The new system shortens the time to just two years, but it still requires a three-year bachelor’s degree (a Bc. title). The degree requires completing final exams and writing a thesis for both master’s and bachelor’s degrees.
Final exams often encompass the major subjects covered in the whole program; that is, students must demonstrate their understanding of the subjects they took during their two or three years of study. The defense of a thesis in front of an academic board is another exam component.
Master’s degrees in the natural sciences or programs heavily involving mathematics are typically awarded as Ing.In engineering disciplines, there are Master’s degrees called Ing., Ph.D., while Master’s degrees in social sciences or humanities are called Mgr. Finally, Master’s degrees in arts are called MgA. (Magister of Arts).
Germany:
“Magister Artium” is the German abbreviation for “Master of Arts.”The Holy Roman Empire, its predecessors, the German Empire, and the Federal Republic of Germany all offered this degree, which typically took five years of study. However, the former East Germany, where all degree programs ended in a Diploma, did not. Traditional Magister degrees are awarded in the social sciences and the majority of the humanities, excluding visual and performing arts like music and theater, as well as international business, European studies, and economics.
One major plus two minors or a double major were the degrees held by the Magister Artium. In 2001, the postgraduate degrees Master of Science und Master of Arts were implemented in Germany. This is why as of year 2020 some colleges will continue to award Magister Artium degrees, although since 2010 Master of Arts has been introduced alongside the Magister Artium degrees. As the new Master of Arts degree lasts 5 years while the previous Magister Artium degree, both degrees are considered as similar.
Holland:
The Netherlands introduced the Master of Science and Master of Arts degrees in 2002. The doctorands degree, or ingenious degree in the case of technical disciplines, was awarded through a single curriculum that included the same course work as the bachelor’s and master’s degrees combined up until that point.
In the event that a doctorand us program participant completed it, they had two options: either they continued with the program and earned the doctorand us degree (which included the title “Doctorand us” before their name, abbreviated to “drs.” For an engineer, this would be “ir.”) or they chose to earn a master’s degree as postnominals behind their name, following the new standard (‘MA’ or ‘MSc’). Finalizing a master’s degree can take a year or two.
Poland:
The Polish term “magister” is similar to “Master of Arts”; like the title “Dr.”, its abbreviation “mgr.” is placed before one’s name. A student at a technical university receives the designation “magister” after two more years of study and graduation, and “inżynier” (engineer) after three years.
Those that wear titles like “mgr inż” Two-year master’s programs and separate three-year bachelor’s programs took the role of the five-year MA programs in the 1990s. The degree is given in economics, natural sciences, mathematics, computer science, and the arts (visual arts, literature, foreign languages, theater, film, etc.). Completing a research thesis is necessary. In Poland, all master’s degrees are equivalent to a PhD program.
The Nordic region:
The master’s degree is a combined teaching and research degree that is conferred in Finland, Denmark, and Norway following two years of study following the completion of the bachelor’s degree. A scientific thesis must be written by the student.
This master’s degree in Finland is known as a filosofian maisteri (FM) or filosofie magister (SF) and is abbreviated as “fil.mag.” or “FM.”
In Sweden, the magister degree, which is an intermediate degree between the bachelor’s and master’s degrees, still exists. It only takes a year to complete and requires a scientific thesis upon completion of the bachelor’s degree. Typically, a master’s program’s first half consists of this fourth year.
United Kingdom and Ireland:
Most universities
MA is generally a “taught” postgraduate program which is based commonly on lectures, examinations and an extended essay based on research work with explicit supervision, although there are some exceptions as follows: Taught master’s programs will take one or two years of full time learning.
Many are also possible to do part-time. Both undergraduate and graduate master’s degrees were previously granted without regard to grade or class (much like an honors degree). However, master’s degrees are now typically divided into four groups: pass, fail, pass with distinction, and pass with merit. India and several other Commonwealth nations adopt the same educational model as the United Kingdom.
SCO:
The Master of Arts is a four-year undergraduate degree offered by institutions in Scotland’s historic universities; for more information, see Master of Arts (Scotland).
The first degree in the humanities, social sciences, theology, and the arts is the Master of Arts. Nonetheless, a few Scottish universities grant Master of Letters (MLitt) degrees to those studying the social sciences, humanities, arts, and religion.
Oxford, Cambridge, Dublin (conferred):
At Oxford, Cambridge, and the University of Dublin, the title of Master of Arts is granted to those who have finished their Bachelor of Arts degree and meet the requirements for graduation or membership in the institution after a set number of years, without the need for a second exam.
Only at the universities of Cambridge, six years after the first term of study, and Oxford, four years after the bachelor’s degree is completed, does this happen. At the University of Dublin, this is also the location.
Thus, like it is to higher degrees, for example, “John Smith, MA (Can tab), PhD (Lond),” the abbreviated name of the university (Oxon, can tab, or Dubl) is almost every time add in parentheses to the initials “MA”. This is primarily done to make it obvious (to those who are aware of the system) that these are nominal and unexamined degrees.
ss Management. While master’s degrees are typically awarded without distinction, the top 5% of candidates may be awarded Distinction.
Confusion:
Two-thirds of employers were not aware that the Oxford and Cambridge MA did not constitute any sort of post-graduate performance, according to research conducted in 2000 by the Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education, a watchdog organization for universities.
Introduced in the February of 2011 by a Labour MP Chris Leslie, the master’s degrees (Minimum criteria) Bill is a private member’s bill.Its purpose was to “prevent universities from awarding master’s degrees if specific standards of study and assessment are not fulfilled” .
In an effort to maintain the academic integrity of the taught MA, proponents of the measure claimed that “unearned qualifications” should be eliminated and referred to the practice as a “historical anachronism”. They also cautioned that Oxbridge graduates would unfairly benefit from the title in the job market.
After receiving a second reading on October 21, 2011, the bill was declared dead because it was unable to pass Parliament before the conclusion of the session.
Cambridge, Oxford (acquired):
Oxford and Cambridge provide a variety of master’s degree programs. The most recognizable is a two-year research Master of Philosophy (MPhil) degree between them. Both Msc and Mst take 1 year to complete although a number of them may include course work and research.
A candidate who has taken a masters degree in a pure academic field of study is awarded a Master of Letters (MLitt). Oxford offers two master’s degrees in law, based on the student’s jurisdictional background, compared to Cambridge’s LLM.
Common law backgrounds are eligible for the Bachelor of Civil Law (BCL) degree, while civil law jurisdictions are eligible for the more modern Magister Juris degree. The Master of Business Administration degree has recently been made available by Oxford and Cambridge.
While master’s degrees are typically awarded without distinction, the top 5% of candidates may be awarded Distinction. Additionally, both universities provide a range of undergraduate integrated master’s degrees, including math and engineering, for four years.
North America:
In the United States and Canada the graduate level degrees are referred as Master of Science (Magister Scientiae) Master of Arts (Magister Artium). They can be research- or course-based, or they can be a combination of the two.
A combined bachelor’s and master’s degree is offered by certain programs after roughly five years. Certain colleges employ Latin titles for their degrees, as Scientia Magister (SM) or Artium Magister (AM).
For example the masters’ degrees that are awarded by the University of Pennsylvania, Dartmouth college, the University of Chicago, MIT Harvard University and Brown University are referred to as AM and SM.Science-related master’s degrees are widespread at Ivy League universities.
Master of Arts degrees are offered by numerous universities and are classified as either Thesis or Non-Thesis programs. One to two years of full-time study are often required for a non-thesis option. A thesis option may require a lengthier time frame, which will also rely on the degree of coursework and thesis complexity.
A “very high research” Master of Arts degree may occasionally require qualifying students to obtain credits at the doctoral level as well. In these cases, their program may need to be completed in around three years of full-time candidacy, for example at Harvard in the United States or McGill in Canada.
An original addition to knowledge must be made via a thesis. It must exhibit the capacity to organize findings, plan and conduct research, and present the methodology and conclusions in a way that is appropriate for academic writing. The study that is presented has to adhere to the discipline’s current criteria. The thesis should also explicitly show how the study adds to the body of knowledge in the topic.
FAQS:
What is Master of Arts in fine?
A Master of Fine Arts (MFA or M.F.A.) is a terminal degree in the fine arts that encompasses the visual arts, performing arts, dance, theater, graphic design, photography, filmmaking, and, in certain situations, arts administration or theater management.
What Master of Arts means?
The Master of Arts (MA) is an academic master’s degree encouraged for learners with concentrations in humanities, social sciences, and fine arts. Along with the Master of Science (MS), the MA degree is typically one of the most sought-after master’s degrees due to its broad scope.
What distinguishes a Master of Fine Arts from a Master of Arts?
Both the MA and the MFA are great degrees to pursue. Ideal for aspiring scholars or educators, MA programs concentrate on academic theory and research. However, MFA programs, which are perfect for budding artists, place a strong emphasis on creating art by hand. Thus, give an MA some thought if you enjoy debating and understanding concepts.
What is Master of Arts with merit?
For comparison’s sake, here is a broad breakdown of the prerequisites for a particular master’s grade and how those correspond to a bachelor’s classification A Distinction is equal to a first and requires a minimum of 70% in your degree. To receive a Merit, or 2:1, in your degree, you need to receive between 60 and 67 percent.
What is the highest degree in Fine Arts?
M.A.
The highest degree available in the performing and fine arts is an MFA, which is regarded as a terminal degree. However, a master’s degree can be used to prepare for doctoral study and is not a terminal degree. As a result, an MFA is typically regarded more highly.
Conclusion:
Universities all throughout the world award Master of Arts (or M.A.) degrees, which are graduate-level accomplishments. A Master of Arts degree can be pursued for a variety of reasons, from better decision-making and problem-solving abilities to increased employment chances.
Furthermore, a Master of Arts degree can be used as a springboard for PhD research after graduation. Specialized courses within the Master of Arts program encompass the Arts, Humanities, Social Sciences, and occasionally Business and Law. It is common for MA candidates to have to finish their research and turn in a thesis paper before they may graduate.
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